BEGINNERS COURSE

Understanding vowels and consonants and its sounds in detail.

We will learn how to introduce oneself in Sanskrit (स्वःपरिचयः).

Understanding basic pronouns and to use in the sentence formation.

Learning basic 7 interrogative questions i.e. What, Why, When, How, Which, Who in Sanskrit.

Learning common verbs Asti-To Be and Nasti–Not there and making simple sentences related to day to day life.

Learning numbers in Sanskrit from 1-20.

Knowing different primary and secondary colours.

Learning Present tense (वर्तमानकालः) and knowing the 1st, 2nd and 3rd person also in all 3 genders i.e. masculine, Feminine and neuter. Present tense are of two kinds Perasmepadi and Atmanepadi.

Explore and learn the days of the week.

Introduction to all 7 cases i.e. Nominative, Accusative, Instrumental, Dative, Ablative, Genitive and Locative cases and understanding the sentence formation using these cases.

Past tense or भूतकालः tells us about the action happened in past. Knowing the 1st, 2nd and 3rd person also in all 3 genders i.e. masculine, Feminine and neuter. Present tense are of two kinds Perasmepadi and Atmanepadi.

There are list of words ending in Akaranta, Ikaranta, Ukaranta and Rukaranta. We will be learning their declensions in all 7 vibhaktis.

Prefixes are known as upasargah (उपसर्ग:). The work of prefixes is to modify or change the meaning of root. Roots are the most basic forms of all words in Sanskrit. The small groups of sounds that we add to beginning of something is called Prefixes.

A group of sounds that we add at end of something are called Suffixes. They are also known as Pratyayah.

A gerund is an indeclinable verb form that is translated as 'having VERBed' or 'after VERBing'. It always leads up to a main verb and indicates an action that occurs before the main verb. A gerund is formed by adding the suffix त्वा/इत्वा or य directly onto the verbal root.

The tva rule: त्वान्त – Root + त्वा suffix / इत्वा (occasionally). E.g. पठ् + त्वा = पठित्वा | भाष् + त्वा = भाषित्वा | नी + त्वा = नीत्वा | कृ + त्वा = कृत्वा

ल्यबन्त = ल्यप् (य) + अन्त = Prefix + root + ल्यप् (य). This suffix ल्यप् (य) cannot be added to root alone — there must be a prefix. E.g. सम् + पूज् + ल्यप् (य) = सम्पूज्य | आ + गम् + ल्यप् (य) = आगम्य / आगत्य

Tumanta gerund conveys the senses: 1) in order to and 2) for the sake of. तुमन्त (infinitive) + verb अर्ह् = request / wish. E.g. बालकःपाठशालांगन्तुम्अर्हति | The boy can go to school.

Another indeclinable verb form is the infinitive. It is translated as 'to VERB'. It is usually connected to another verb indicating Desire, Capability, or Purpose. The infinitive is formed by adding the suffix तुम्/इतुम् directly onto the root.

Future tense or भविष्यकलः tells about the event which will happen in future.

The Optative mode (also called the Potential) or mood is called लिङ् (liṅ) by Sanskrit grammarians. Though the primary use is for expressing a wish, it is used in various other contexts like light order, invitation, giving permission etc.

The Imperative mode or mood is called loṭ लोट् by Sanskrit grammarians. The primary use of the imperative is a command or injunction. It is also used in many other senses like entreaty, gentle advice, benediction etc.

Revision and an overview of all the concepts covered in brief.